China is launching a $1 billion geological and geophysical project called SinoProbe II in search of natural resources and answers to fundamental scientific questions. The six-year study will involve thousands of scientists from dozens of institutes and will begin as early as 2025.
The project, led by the China Geological Survey, will see researchers deploy thousands of instruments across the country and drill to record depths to create a 3D map of rock layers kilometers below the surface.
SinoProbe II will focus on finding minerals to help the country wean itself off imports of fuels and ores such as iron and aluminum. One of the authors notes that China’s natural resources, located within 500 meters of the surface, are “almost exhausted.” Similar to the American Earth Mapping Resources Initiative, the Chinese initiative aims to create a detailed map of ore formations and fossil fuel basins up to 3 km deep, as well as develop extraction technologies.
Exploration work can also contribute to the development of green technologies. Researchers will look for critical minerals needed for solar panels, wind turbines and electric vehicle batteries. As well as natural hydrogen traps that can be used to produce carbon-free fuel.
Another benefit for society will be a refined map of earthquake-prone faults.